Warlpiri Dictionary Database

The Backslash Codes and other conventions

This page derives from the file WarlpiriDictDatabaseCodes.9711 by Robert Hoogenraad

Note: a  RETURN (or soft return) character ends each field

MAIN ENTRIES
\me warlpiri*#* ( ) ( ): ( , ) : (lit. text) ( ) \[$]

main entry headword, followed by:
# the homophone number, starting from 1
part-of-speech; last bracket followed by :
dialect (all in one bracket, separated by , and no spaces)
semantic type
(lit. ) literal translation
register
$ source code
(There is a full listing of the , , and codes below. The list of $ codes below is still very incomplete.)
\eme end of first sense of main entry
\eeme occurs at the end of the complete entry

\se
additional sense of main entry
occasionally followed by some of the above, and occasionally a head word (if it is a Capitalised version of the \me headword, eg a Place Name)
\ese end of sense
 

SUB-ENTRIES:
\sse warlpiri ( ) ( ): ( , ) : (lit. text) (ß) ( \[$]

sub-entry headword (note that derived forms and idioms are at present not distinguished)
the headword may be a grammatical construction, eg PV-nyinami, V-INF-wanti-mi, using the abbreviations used in ( ):
followed by same possibilities as \me
A "block" of one or more \sse and its associated fields may follow the \eme, or be "nested" under an \se
\esse end of first sense of sub-entry
\eesse end of the complete sub entry

\sub

sense of sub-entry
occasionally followed by some of the above, and occasionally a head word (if it is a Capitalised version of the \sse headword, eg a Place Name)
\esub end of sense
 

PARADIGM EXAMPLES:
A (non-exhaustive) sequence of exemplifications of the extended uses of the headword in \me or \sse, or more typically of a construction in the preceding \sse.
\ppdx beginning of a block of paradigm examples
\pdx ( , ) description of application of scope

exemplifies the construction, given in the previous \sse, with a specified type or range of meanings.
It occasionally starts with a dialect code, and has a short description of the scope of the application of the construction when combined with the specified preverbs or nominals, typically a list of preverbs in a \pvl; occasionally a list of nominals in a \cm.
It may be followed by \def, or more typically \cm, and usually a \pvl.
\pdxs warlpiri ( ): ( , )
headword which is a specific exemplification of the construction given in the previous \sse
followed by same possibilities as \me
\epdx end \pdx paradigm example
\epdxs end \pdxs paradigm example
\eppdx end of a block of paradigm examples
 

FOLLOWING \me, \sse, \se, \sub, \pdx and \pdxs, usually in the order given.
\dm : : \edm

semantic domain (There is a full listing of the codes in a separate file)
\xme warlpiri*#*%#% \exme {NOTE: this was \def See }
cross reference to a synonymous headword (usually in \me, but could be in \sse) that is the major entry (ie contains the most information) The headword should occur in \syn in the entry that is cross referenced.
*#* marks homophone number if necessary; %#% (rarely) marks the sense (or sub-sense) number
\rul GRAMMATICAL RULE: \erul in verb entries only
a label showing a grammatical rule that applies
Follows a \se or \sub, except for two cases which precede an \eg, a set of example sentences which involve the rule in a way not obvious to an English speaker.
\def english <warlpiri> \edef
a formal definition of the headword
Warlpiri words are in < >; Latin names are in \l< >
there are various grammatical abbreviations, in CAPS, and certain other grammatical conventions used: these are yet to be listed
\cm english text <warlpiri> \ecm can also come elsewhere, eg before a \eg, after the headword, etc, depending on the nature of the comment
a comment or note. This field covers a range of types of comments at present, including phonetic/phonological/ orthographic, morphological/syntactic, semantic/pragmatic, cultural/culturally specific knowledge, etc.
< > encloses Warlpiri words; Latin names are in \l< >; sometimes has \[$]

\refa See KINSHIP APPENDIX \erefa
used to refer to Appendices, Tables, etc, listed below

\lat technical \elat
Latin Name (but note that this field also occasionally contains other material as well, in < >)

\gl ^english <warlpiri> \egl
short, one word or simple phrase, glosses
Warlpiri words should be in < >;occasional Latin names are in \l< >; very rarely \[$]

EXAMPLE SENTENCES
\eg beginning of a block of example sentences
\wed warlpiri yimi <english> \[$] \ewed

Warlpiri definition or encyclopaedic information on headword
\we warlpiri yimi <english> \[$] \ewe
Warlpiri example sentence
< > encloses English words
$ is the source code: these are to be listed yet (and compared to the existing list)
\et english text <warlpiri> \[$] \eet
English translation of \wed or \we
< > encloses Warlpiri words; Latin names are in \l< >
$ occasionally there is a source code (usually in addition to the one on \we/\wed)
\eeg end of a block of example sentences

AT THE END OF \me, \sse, \se, \sub, \pdx and \pdxs, always in the order given.
\alt warlpiri, warlpiri*#*%#% ( )\ealt

list of alternative pronunciations, or orthographic alternatives, to the headword
\syn warlpiri, warlpiri*#*%#% ( ) \esyn
list of synonyms (note that this list should include the headword in a \xme)
\ant warlpiri, warlpiri*#*%#% ( ) \eant
list of antonyms
\cf warlpiri, warlpiri*#*%#% ( ) \ecf
list of words to compare with the headword
\pvl warlpiri, warlpiri*#*%#% ( ) \epvl can also come before the \eg in a \pdx
list of Preverbs
the list is separated by commas,
dialect
*#* marks homophone number if necessary; %#% (rarely) marks the sense (or sub-sense) number
\csl YSL# \ecsl
YSL# refers to an entry in Kendon's Sign Language dictionary
\cmp Lang. <warlpiri> english \ecmp
comparative linguistic note
Lang. is a (not very standardised) abbreviation of a language name (yet to be listed)
< > encloses words in Warlpiri or other Aboriginal languages
>> is used to mean "derives from"
\ref english text \eref USUALLY AT THE END OF \me, \sse, \se, \sub, \pdx and \pdxs, but also one after a \cm
reference to relevant work, often bibliographic reference; sometimes uses \[$]
The Codes listed in this File are the ones found, including combinations.

HOMOPHONE ENTRY NUMBERING

*#* # is a number, from 1 upwards

SENSE NUMBERING

%#% # is a number from 1 upwards (or should these be a, b, c etc??)

PARTS OF SPEECH ( ):

last in list is in ( ):, ie with colon
(-V): dependent verb stem (needs PV) to form valid verb
(AUX:CLITIC): auxiliary clitic
(AUX:COMP): auxiliary complementizer
(AUX:PRON:CLITIC): Auxiliary pronominal clitic
(CASE): case ending
(Case) (Case): ***NOTE***
(CONJ): conjunction
(ENCL): enclitic
(Encl) (N-Sfx):, (Encl) (Post):
(IDEO): ideophone ***NOTE: NO EXAMPLES??***
(INF-COMP): infinitive complementiser
(INF-SFX): suffix on infinitive
(Inf-Sfx) (N-Sfx):
(INTERJ): interjection
(Interj) (Pv):
(N): nominal
(N) (Pv):, (N) (V):
(N, N): noun noun phrase
(N, N, V): noun noun verb phrase
(N, V): noun verb phrase
(N-): dependent nominal stem (needs some suffix to form valid noun)
(N-CASE): **ONLY ONE EXAMPLE \me - ngu-***
(N-COMP): complementizer on nominal (excludes INF)
(N-DAT-SFX): suffix on nominal+DAT case
(N-SFX): suffix on nominal
(N-SFX) (INF-SFX):, (N-SFX) (V-SFX):
(Na): nominal of anaphoric subcategory (ngula, yangka)
(Nd): nominal of demonstrative subcategory (eg. nyampu, yali, mirni, yinya)
(Nk): nominal of kin subcategory
(Nk-): dependent kin nominal root
(Nk-SFX): suffix on kin nominal
(Np): nominal of pronominal subcategory (ngaju, nyuntu etc.)
(Np-SFX): suffix on pronoun
(Nq): nominal of question/quantifier subcategory (ngana, nyiya, nyana, nyarrpa, nyarrpara, nyangurla)
(Nt): nominal of temporal subcategory (murnma, ngaka, wurra)
(PART): particle
(PN): proper noun
(POST): post-position
(PROP:PART): propositional particle
(PV): preverb
(PV) (N):
(PV-ENCL): enclitic suffixable to preverb
(SC:COMP): subordinate clause complementizer
(SFX): suffix
(V): verb
(V, N):, (V, Nq):, (V?): ***NOTE: THES ONES NEED FIXING***
(V-ENCL): enclitic to verb
(V-SFX): suffix on verb

DIALECT CODES ( )

(E) Eastern Warlpiri
(E,H)
(H) Hansen River
(H,La), (H,La,Wi), (H,La,Wi,Y), (H,La,WW), (H,La,Y), (H,Wi), (H,Wi,WW), (H,Wi,Y), (H,WW), (H,Y)
(La) Lajamanu
(La,P), (La,Wi), (La,Wi,Y), (La,Y)
(P) Papunya
(Wi) Willowra (Wirliyajarrayi)
(Wi,WW), (Wi,Y)
(WW) Wakirti Warlpiri (Alekarange/ Tennant Creek)
(WW,Y)
(Y) Yuendumu (Yurntumu)

REGISTER ( )

(BT) Baby Talk (Register used by adults speaking to babies and young children)
BT ***CHANGED TO (BT)
(SL) Special Register Language
SL ***CHANGED TO (SL)

SEMANTIC TYPE ( :)

**NOTE: DEFINITIONS ARE NEEDED
EXT: extended meaning
EXT: ASSOC: extended meaning, on basis of association (eg 'head' used for 'hat')
FIG: figuritive meaning
FUNCT: functional meaning (eg 'ear' meaning 'ability to hear well')
IDIOM: idiom
NEO: neologism

Throughout dictionary database:

(lit. )

used for a literal translation; most IDIOM: are followed by this

GRAMMATICAL RULE lables in the \rul field:

ATTENUATED EFFECT:
CONATIVE:
CONTAINER:
CONTROLLER DATIVE:
CREATION by CONTACT:
CREATION:
DATIVE OBJECT:
EFFECT by CREATION by CONTACT:
GOAL DATIVE:
OBTAIN:
PART-WHOLE DATIVE:
PART-WHOLE:
RECIPIENT DATIVE:
RESULTATIVE EFFECT COMPLEMENT:
TRANSFORM:

REFERENCES TO APPENDICES, CHARTS, TABLES in \refa field:

See SUBSECTION CHART
See KINSHIP APPENDIX
See TABLE OF VERBAL SUFFIXES
See TABLE OF PRONOMINAL CLITICS

Warlpiri language page

URL http://www.anu.edu.au/linguistics/nash/aust/wlp/dict-backslash-codes.html