The following list of terms incorporates the "Topography" domain of Introduction to Vocabulary and Domains, also titled Introduction to Warlpiri Vocabulary, compiled by Kenneth L. Hale in 1959. The terms have been recast into standard Warlpiri orthography. Abbreviations: E Eastern Warlpiri -- mainly Alekarenge (Warrabri) W Willowra Y Yuendumu V1,V2,etc. verb class (conjugation) i intransitive t transitive 0.1 EMINENCES IN THE LANDSCAPE pirli 1. mountain 2. stone, rock 3. money (= [E] purlu) pamarrpa stone, hill, mountain (=payarrpa) rdingki gap in mountain ranges tupulpari prominent hillock in otherwise level or nearly level country (=rdupulpari) tupulpari-tupulpari undulating, hilly country jupulpari-jupulpari bumpy -- as of ground nyuurlpari hump yarturlu large rock, boulder, flat rocky outcrop with no grass (=yaturlu) yarturlu-yarturlu rocky country (=yaturlu-yaturlu) ngarnka 1. ledge, rim 2. pointy hill wararra cliff, precipitous mountain-side puturlu 1. back, spine 2. convex or curved surface of certain wooden implements 3. 'jump-up', undulation in the ground 0.2 HOLES IN THE EARTH (other than water-related) pirnki cave parlku [E] cave jarrarlpa 1. cave, natural rock shelter, as overhang 2. crack, crevice rdaku 1. hole in the earth 2. deep 3. flesh wound, sore that resembles a hole rdakukari-rdakukari bad holes in the ground -- hence, bumpy pawala crack in ground yulyaly-nguna-mi (iV) [W] to have cracks in ground -- from tubers 0.3 TYPES OF LANDSCAPE DIFFERING FROM ONE ANOTHER ACCORDING TO NATURE OF GROWTH AND/OR SOIL (not water features) yarlu plain, clearing manangkarra bush country yuwurrku mulga scrub, thick mulga scrub (=yuurrku) mulyu-pakarnu mulga scrub, thick mulga scrub jirrijirrirnpa mulga scrub, thick mulga scrub walyiri soft, sandy ground nyinnga poor, dry country kuwarla poor, dry country mamingirri poor, dry country jilja sandhill, sandy country (= [E] jitja) warntarli-warntarli reticulate dunes yilyampuru (incl. [E]) large sandhill ngalyarrpa [Y] 1. sandhill 2. big well-built solid person ngalyarrpa-marramarra multiple sandhill country ngalyarrkarra "in sand hills" jarralyku floodplain (where wulpayi-wulpayi is found) pati 1. hard ground 2. blunt -- of spear, axe pati-pati hard (=kala) 0.1 SOIL AND NATURAL RESOURCES (other than water) walya earth, ground, dirt, soil, sand walya-walya brown, ground coloured nyarnturrji lump of earth, clod nganjurrngu mud yakiri mud karlpaja [E] mud jurdu dust, dust cloud (= [E] jurtu) jilyi dust cloud yunmurntu bulldust, powdery ground rduyu-karri-mi (iV) to rise -- of dust cloud (jilyi) warrji pebble, gravel, grain of sand marlkalypa pebble, gravel, grain of sand jarra-jarra [E] 1. pebble, gravel, grain of sand 2. name of Jarrah Jarrah Range, near Hansen River larri-larri [E] pebble, gravel, grain of sand julpurrpa pile of sand panma flat stone -- as for grinding, mortar jurnti limestone (=jurntu) jurntu limestone, limestone country, raised area of ground (=jurnti) yarltiri 1. quartz 2. white, blonde karlji white pipe-clay, kaolin (=kartji [E]) ngunju-ngunju white ochre, used particularly by women in mourning and yawalyu karntawarra 1. yellow ochre 2. ritual fight carried out as part of funeral ceremonies karntawarra-karntawarra 1. yellow 2. yellow ochre kurrunjuru red ochre -- found in Sandover Creek yurlpa red ochre yurlpu red ochre -- found at Banka Banka, bright red ochre (= [Y] yurlpa) karrku dark red ochre -- found around Mt Stanley, soft ochre karrkurr-karrkurr-katirni (tV) to crumble or fracture by pressing on karrkurr-karrkurr-nga-rni (tV) to chomp -- as on bone walaya (Pupanyi) sea mangkuru 1. plain 2. sea, sea water jikaya 1. sea 2. Lake Woods BODY PARTS RELEVANT TO TOPOGRAPHY ETC. layirlayi 1. greying hair, old man with greying hair 2. fleecy cloud 3. dead leaves on a tree karrpa thorax karrpakarrpa along side of, nearby -- as of sandhill, ridge kultu 1. thorax 2. shaft of spear 3. side of an object puturlu 1. back, spine 2. convex or curved surface of certain wooden implements 3. 'jump-up', undulation in the ground ngarnkirri 1. eyebrow (= milpirimpiri) 2. steep wall-like bank of creek or river dug away by flood waters, ground dug out by water erosion wirliya 1. foot 2. hind foot of quadruped 3. track yilara 1. muscle 2. grain of wood pinti 1. skin 2. bark jalyirrpa 1. hymen 2. leaf 3. playing card (= parlpirrpa)
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