WARLMANPA WARLPIRI gloss
ku ]+C ku ]ARG Dative, for, to, in relation to
rlu ]+C rlu ]ARG Ergative, instrumental
ngu ]+C ngku ]ARG allomorph of rlu
ku ]+N ku ]COMP-C Purposive
kapina ]+N ku-ngarnti ]COMP+C Preparative Purposive
kupa ]+N ku-purda ]COMP+C Desiderative Purposive
ka ]+N kurra ]COMP+C Objective, Motion Purposive
puru(?) ]+N puru ]COMP-C during, concurrent with
warnu ]+N warnu ]COMP+C Resultative, Perfective Relative
ngartuyu ]DAT,LOC ngarduyu ]N associates of
kuma ]INF ku-jaku ]COMP-C Evitative, Negative Purposive
njini ]INF ku-rlangu ]N instrument or place for
palka (?) ]INF palka ]N one able to, characterised by (W,H)
rla ]N rla ]CASE Locative, at, around (allomorph ngka)
nga ]N ngka ]CASE allomorph of -rla
wana ]N wana ]CASE Perlative, around
wanawana ]N wanawana ]CASE 1. Perlative 2. in exchange for
kurla ]N kurlangu ]N,CASE Possessive (cf. nyangu)
nya ]PN nyangu ]N Possessive
ka ]N kurra ]CASE Allative, to, towards
ngurlu ]N ngurlu ]CASE Ablative, from, because (cf. jangka)
jila ]N wangu ]N,CASE Privative, without, not having
jarra ]N jarra ]N,CASE two, Dual
panji ]N patu ]N,CASE definite plural
warnu ]N jangka ]N,CASE Source, from, because; injured from
mipa(?) ](N) mipa ](N) only (alternate: -mimpa)
nyarrirni ](N) nyayirni ](N) very, really (alt. nyarrirni)
rlangu ](N) rlangu ](N) too, also, for example, even
ma ]N ju ] topicalizer (L -ji)
warnu ]N warnu ]N,CASE from, alongside
parna ]N parnta ]N,CASE pertaining to (in E, cf. kurlu)
warnu ]N pirdinypa ]N definite specific, cf. -purdinypa
nginja ]N piya noun ]N,CASE like, resembling
wartingi ]N wardingki ]N resident of, associate of
kanjayi ]N kanjayi ]N as the distance and direction of
karta ]N karda ]COMP Translative
kanyanu ]N kari ]N other, another
kuma ]N kujaku ]COMP-C Evitative, lest, beware of
ngarnarra ]N ngarna ]N denizen of
nji ]N nji ]N person pejoratively characterised by
partu (?) ]N pardu ]N Diminutive
ja-rra ] jarri ]V1 become
nja ]V nja ]INF (forms Infinitive, on V root (conj. 1,3) or NPast)
rni ~ rti ]V,PV rni ] to here, towards speaker
rra ]V,PV rra ] away, on
jala ] jala ] of course, obviously, actually
yi ] juku ] still, yet
lku ] lku ] and then, then, now
nya ] nya ] emphatic, focus, interrogative
wiyi ] wiyi ] first
wu ] wu ] on shouted exclamation (follow Aux.)
yijala ] yijala ] also
ja ]C mparra ]C along the side, across
nginti ]C nginti ]C to the side of
purta ]C purda ]C towards, facing (also on kuja, nyarrpara)
rni ]C rni ]C hither
rra ]C rra ]C away
mirnimirni ]K mirnimirni ]N dyadic for initiation kinship terms
na ]K na ]N my
nyanu ]K nyanu ]N anaphoric possessor
puka ]K puka ]N bereaved kinsman
jupu ]K puraji ]N your
nginta ]K rlangu ]N dyadic
rra ]K rra ]N dyadic with Ego's subsection
wurtuwurtu ]K wurduwurdu ]N avoidance anaphoric
WARLMANPA WARLPIRI gloss
rna rna 1s
ju ju (~ -ji) 1o
ja rlijarra 11s
jangu jarrangku 11o
li rli 12s
ngali ngalingki 12o
n(ku) npa 2s
ngu ngku (~ -ngki) 2o
npala npala 22s
ngupala ngkupala (~ ngkipala) 22o
rla rla 3io
pala pala 33s
palangu palangu 33o
rna-lu rna-lu 111s
nganpa nganpa 111o
lpa(lu) rlipa 122s
lpangu ngalpa 122o
nku-lu nkulu (~ -nkili) 222s
nyangu nyarra (~ -nyurra) 222o
lu lu 333s
jana jana 333o
nyanu nyanu Refl
1-2-3-Dat s-o-Dat [order]
Abbreviations:
1 1st person
12 1st person inclusive
13 1st person exclusive
2 2nd person
3 3rd person
s subject
o object
Reference:
Nash, David. 1996. Pronominal clitic variation in the Yapa languages:
some historical speculations, pp.117-138 in Studies in Kimberley
Languages in Honour of Howard Coate, ed. by William
McGregor. München: Lincom Europa. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142540
Summary of comparison of Warlmanpa and Warlpiri
Warlmanpa
Australia languages
Central Australia
Last changed: 18 December 2020
URL http://www.anu.edu.au/linguistics/nash/aust/wpa/wpa-wlp-suffixes.html